PENGARUH BIAYA LINGKUNGAN DAN GREEN ACCOUNTING TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS PERUSAHAAN SEKTOR PERTAMBANGAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effect of environmental costs and green accounting on the profitability of mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The study is motivated by the increasing demand for corporate environmental responsibility and sustainable business practices, particularly in the mining sector, which has significant environmental impacts. Based on Legitimacy Theory and Stakeholder Theory, environmental investment and transparent environmental accounting are expected to enhance corporate reputation and improve financial performance. This research employed a quantitative approach using secondary data obtained from the annual reports and sustainability reports of mining companies listed on the IDX during the 2025 observation period. The sample was selected using purposive sampling, resulting in 80 firm-year observations. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression with IBM SPSS version 25. The findings indicate that environmental costs have a positive and significant effect on profitability (β = 0.412; p = 0.007). Green accounting also has a positive and significant effect on profitability (β = 0.425; p = 0.014). Simultaneously, both variables significantly affect profitability (F = 10.756; p < 0.001), while the adjusted coefficient of determination shows that environmental costs and green accounting explain 19.9% of the variation in profitability. These findings suggest that environmental expenditures should be viewed as strategic investments rather than operational burdens. Likewise, implementing green accounting enhances transparency, corporate legitimacy, and stakeholder confidence, ultimately contributing to improved financial performance and sustainable corporate value.