Evaluasi Pola Peresepan dan DRP pada Pasien Gagal Jantung di Poliklinik Jantung Rumah Sakit Umum Siaga Medika Purbalingga

Abstract

Heart failure is a cardiovascular disease with high morbidity and mortality rates and requires long-term therapy that generally involves the use of multiple medications. The complexity of therapy increases the risk of Drug-Related Problems (DRPs), therefore, evaluating prescribing patterns is necessary to support rational, safe, and effective drug use. This research aimed to evaluate drug prescribing patterns, identify the types and frequency of DRPs, and analyze the relationship between prescribing patterns and the incidence of DRPs in heart failure patients at the Heart Polyclinic of Siaga Medika Hospital, Purbalingga. The research used an observational analytical design with a retrospective approach. Data were obtained from medical records and prescription sheets of outpatient heart failure patients for the period April 2025. A total of 82 patients were selected using a purposive sampling technique. Evaluation of prescribing patterns refers to WHO prescribing indicators, while identification of DRPs is based on the American Society of Hospital Pharmacists (ASHP) classification using Medscape and Drugs.com. Analysis of the relationship between variables was performed using the Chi-Square test. The results showed an average number of medications per prescription of 4.20, 85.5% generic prescriptions, 0% antibiotic and injectable use, and 85.2% hospital formulary compliance. The most commonly prescribed drug classes were β-blockers (18.9%), diuretics (14.8%), and aldosterone antagonists (12.2%). A total of 83.4% of drug selections were appropriate, while 16.6% were inappropriate. Potential drug interactions were found in 77.0% of drug items according to Medscape and 77.9% according to Drugs.com. There was a significant relationship between the percentage of generic prescriptions and hospital formulary compliance with the potential for drug interactions (p<0.05). In general, prescribing patterns met most indicators of rational drug use, but the high potential for drug interactions indicates the need for ongoing therapy monitoring through collaboration between pharmacists and physicians.